Moratorium Nation

Open data on local-government moratoria targeting data centers, battery storage, solar, wind, and cryptocurrency mining across the United States. Updated April 2026.

222
Moratorium instruments
148
Currently in force
24
Pending or proposed
50
Replaced, expired, or rescinded
30
States with at least one
๐Ÿ“„ Working paper ยท April 2026

Moratorium Nation: A Survey of Data Center, Renewable Energy, and Battery Storage Moratoria in the United States

116 pages ยท 46,800 words ยท 8 maps ยท 7 statistical tables ยท 50-state legal authority survey ยท 13-section model ordinance template with sector-specific supplements for data centers, solar, wind, and battery storage.

In force (active / extended) Pending / proposed Replaced / expired Rescinded

Map shows 220 of 222 instruments. Two aggregate meta-rows ("Other Reported Local Moratoria, MI" and "Proposed or Rejected Local Pauses, MD") aren't real geographic points. Click any marker for jurisdiction details.

Monthly moratorium adoptions, 2018 through April 2026, stacked by primary sector with cumulative-total dashed line.

A handful of Washington crypto-mining moratoria in 2018; near silence through 2023; then accelerating sharply in 2025 and exploding in early 2026 as data-center campus proposals reach communities without zoning rules for them. Source: moratorium_inventory.csv, date_enacted_iso + sectors columns.

What is a moratorium?

A moratorium is a temporary pause that a local government โ€” usually a city, county, or township โ€” places on accepting or approving certain kinds of new development. Most run 6 to 12 months and are intended to give the local government time to study impacts and write permanent rules. Read the FAQ โ†’

Top 13 states by moratorium count

These thirteen states account for more than four-fifths of all identified instruments. Click a state to see every moratorium in plain English.

All 30 states with moratoria โ†’

Use the data

๐Ÿ“Š Spreadsheet

The 222-row inventory as a CSV โ€” opens in Excel, Google Sheets, Numbers, or any tool. Includes enacted_status, moratorium_id, and lat/lon for instant mapping.

Download CSV โ†’

๐Ÿ Python / R / pandas

Load directly from GitHub raw, no clone required. The data folder guide has working snippets.

Browse data files โ†’

๐Ÿ“š Citation

The dataset is published under CC-BY-4.0. Cite the working paper or this dataset directly. CITATION.cff in the repo gives GitHub a "Cite this repository" button.

View CITATION.cff โ†’

Methodology

The dataset is built from approximately 4,400 original documents (ordinances, resolutions, board minutes, news articles) collected via AI-assisted research agents across all 50 states. 348 moratorium texts have been read line-by-line and coded against a 44-clause taxonomy. Geocoded coordinates were triple-checked across 89 verifications with zero confirmed errors. Full methodology โ†’ ยท Codebook ยท Known gaps

Related projects by Michael Bommarito

This dataset is one of several public resources tracking the U.S. data center buildout and its community impacts.

servercountry.org

An educational resource on the $1 trillion AI data center buildout: 10+ explainer articles, a 604-project database across all 50 states, glossary of 52+ terms, plus the full book This Is Server Country (402 pages).

Visit โ†’

fightadatacenter.com

A citizen's guide for community members facing a data center proposal: ten-chapter book on local, state, and federal strategies, plus a free abridged online version with checklists and templates.

Visit โ†’

michaelbommarito.com

Personal site of the dataset's author. Builder, researcher, and educator working at the intersection of food systems, legal technology, AI, and open source. Co-founder of Alea Institute and 273 Ventures.

Visit โ†’

Status & contributions

This is v2026.04.2. Found a moratorium we missed, or an error to correct? Open an issue on GitHub. Refreshes are roughly quarterly while the moratorium wave is active.